kronologi kekuasaan Herodes di Yudea

[eltsaddik]

HOW ESAU BECAME JEWISH
SOURCE:WHO IS ESAU-EDOM? page 7 and 8
page 7
(KING HEROD &THE EDOMITE TAKEOVER OF JUDEA) page 7 The Edomites were driven from Petra westward by the Nabatheans in 312 B.C.. and before the middle of the second century B.C. they were occupying, not only southern Judah, but also Hebron and the country to its north as far as Bet hzur (1 Mac.4:29; 5:65).1 The Nabatheans now occupied Mt. Seir and the Edomites were driven into the old territory of Judah. The Maccabean family (a remnant of the true Judahites) had ruled Judea from 166 to 37 8.C., and under Judas Maccabee (I Mac. 5:3), recaptured the city of Hebron from the Edomites in 164 B.C. During the time of John Hyrcanus (135-105 B.C.), the nephew of Judas, the Judahites were again faced with the hostility of the Idumeans. Hyrcanus confronted the Edomites causing a decisive change in the relations between the two factions: John Hyrcanus conquered the whole of Edorn and undertook the forced conversion of its inhabitants to Judaism (Joseph., Ant. X I,9, 1). Thenceforth the Edomites became a section of the Jewish people.' Thus, at this juncture of time the Edomites were then incorporated with the Jewish nation, and their country was called by the Greeks and Romans 'Idumea' (Mark iii. B; Ptolemy, "Geography," v.16). '" But the tide turned in favor of the Edomite faction when Julius Caesar made Antipater, ln Edomite, Procurator of Judea in 47 B.C. When Antipater was killed four years later his son Herod gained power but was rejected by the Judahites. Herod shrewdly gained the support of Rome. With a Roman army at his heels he returned to Palestine, and after a six-month siege he captured Jerusalem, and became king of Judea in 37 B.C.
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Herod was a shrewd and unscrupulous tyrant, and was despised by the Judahites because he was an Idumean and not one of their own stock. Herod hated the people of Judah and one of his first acts was to execute forty-five of the leaders of the old aristocracy to eliminate any rivalry for leadership. Having secured the kingship, Herod next destroyed the priestly line of Hyrcanus, the last being Antigonus, who taunted Herod with his Idumean origin, and asserted that the kingdom should fall "on one of the royal family."a Finally he murdered Aristobulus, the last of the Aaronic high priests. Herod then sought to affiliate himself The Edomites were driven from Petra westward by the Nabatheans in 312 B.C.. and before the middle ofthe second century B.C. they were occupying, not only southern Judah, but also Hebron and the country to its north as far as Bet hzur (1 Mac.4:29; 5:65).1 The Nabatheans now occupied Mt. Seir and the Edomites were driven into the old territory of Judah. The Maccabean family (a remnant of the true Judahites) had ruled Judea from 166 to 37 8.C., and under Judas Maccabee (I Mac. 5:3), recaptured the city of Hebron from the Edomites in 164 B.C. During the time of John Hyrcanus (135-105 B.C.), the nephew of Judas, the Judahites were again faced with the hostility of the Idumeans. Hyrcanus confronted the Edomites causing a decisive change in the relations between the two factions: John Hyrcanus conquered the whole of Edorn and undertook the forced conversion of its inhabitants to Judaism (Joseph., Ant. X I,9, 1). Thencef-orth the Edomites became a section of the Jewish people.' Thus, at this juncture of time the Edomites were then incorporated with the Jewish nation, and their country was called by the Greeks and Romans 'Idumea' (Mark iii. B; Ptolemy, "Geography," v.16). '" But the tide turned in favor of the Edomite faction when Julius Caesar made Antipater, ln Edomite, Procurator of Judea in 47 B.C. When Antipater was killed four years later his son Herod gained power but was rejected by the Judahites. Herod shrewdly gained the support of Rome. With a Roman army at his heels he turned to Palestine, and after a six-month siege he captured Jerusalem, and became king of Judea in 37 B.C.
lf with the high priesthood through marrying Mariamne, Aristobulus' sister and the daughter of a high priest. Herod even rebuilt the Temple as it was in ruins from repeated sieges, part of which Herod was responsible for by his attack upon the city. The Temple of God became in a sense Herod's temple' We thus find that in the years just before the time of Christ, Judea was controlled by an Edomite faction, who usurped the Judahite name, land and heritage. Under Hyrcanus, the Edomites were forced to be part of Judean culture; but under Herod the Herodian faction had control over the Judean's culture and way of life. Confounding the matter is the fact that some Judahites had intermixed with Edomite, Canaanite and other alien stock at the time they returned from the Babylonian captivity (Ezra 9:1, 2; Neh. 73:3, 23-25) ' These mixedblood people were also hostile toward the Judean Israelites' The land was not the Kingdom of Judah, but the nation of the Jews (Judeans). Historically the Edomites became known as "Jews," a term derived from "Judea," which was derived from the name "Judah," being the royal line of Israel, though they were never of Judah or Israel' The Edomites were driven from Petra westward by the Nabatheans in 312 B.C.. and before the middle of the second century B.C. they were occupying, not only southern Judah, but also Hebron and the country to its north as far as Bet hzur (1 Mac.4:29; 5:65).1 The Nabatheans now occupied Mt. Seir and the Edomites were driven into the old territory of Judah. The Maccabean family (a remnant of the true Judahites) had ruled Judea from 166 to 37 8.C., and under Judas Maccabee (I Mac. 5:3), recaptured the city of Hebron from the Edomites in 164 B.C. During the time of John Hyrcanus (135-105 B.C.), the nephew of Judas, the Judahites were again faced with the hostility of the Idumeans. Hyrcanus confronted the Edomites causing a decisive change in the relations between the two factions: John Hyrcanus conquered the whole of Edorn and undertook the forced conversion of its inhabitants to Judaism (Joseph., Ant. X I,9, 1). Thencef-orth the Edomites became a section of the Jewish people.' Thus, at this juncture of time the Edomites '\vere then incorporated with the lewish nation, and their country was called by the Greeks and Ro.mans 'Idumea' (Mark iii. B; Ptolemy, "Geography," v.16). '" But the tide turned in favor of the Edomite faction when Julius Caesar made Antipater, ln Edomite, Procurator of Judea in 47 B.C. When Antipater was killed four years later his son Herod gained power but was rejected by the Judahites. Herod shrewdly gained the support of Rome. With a Roman army at his heels he lr:turned to Palestine, and after a six-month siege he captured Jerusalem, and became king of Judea in 37 B.C. During Titus' siege of Jerusalem (66-70 A.D.), "20,000 Idumeans appeared before Jerusalem to fight in -behalf of the Zealots who were besieged in the Temple.") About 97,000 inhabitants of Judea were taken captive, and an unknown number had fled either before or during the siege.
This is the last mention of the Edomites as a people in history. Yet Bible prophecy indicates that Edom would be an enemy of Israel in latter times. We find that their only connection to a present day people and religion is with the Jews and Judaism. We thus need to trace back the origin of the Jews to see who they are and how they fit into the nuzzle of who is Esau-Edom.