Tanggal kelahiran Yesus sesuai sejarah Romawi

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JANUARY - JESUS' BIRTH MONTH
The health condition of emperor Augustus was now worsening, and he became irascible, & had great fear. He wanted to assess his achievement in terms of number of human population.
According to "Historiae Adversus Paganos 6.22.7 & 7.2.16" (of Paulus Orosus), Augustus issued a command that a census should be taken of each province everywhere and all men should be registered.
At first the emperor had conquered many peoples & places (e.g. by Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa), and then he ordered Agrippa to make a map of the world then known to the Romans. He was figuring out the scope of his kingdom by a map, including the places conquered by Agrippa at 2nd consulship. Even after the death of Agrippa in 12 BCE, the project of making a world map was continued.
Then next he would have to figure out the number of peoples he had conquered.
By 6 BCE a census was taken in Cyrenaica, north Africa, when Publius Sulpicius Quirinius (Cyrenius) was a legate of Galatia, Asia Minor (cf. Florus 2.31).
Between 5 and 3 BCE Quirinius was leading the region Syria, particularly in Cilicia and also Galatia, when emperor Augustus ordered a decree for an imperial census, after the census in Cyrenaica was started.
... Augustus became the first sole emperor of the Romans... He styled himself thus Augustus Caesar Octavian, triumphator, August, mighty imperator, that is, Supreme ruler [on January 16, 27 BCE]. In the 39th year and 10th month of his reign, he issued a decree and proclaimed that there be a census of all the land, which was subject to him - and of that which the Romans had held formerly - during the second time consulship of Agrippa, and of Donatus; and all the land subject to Romans was assessed by Roman senators Bumenes and Attalus. For the emperor inspired great fear, since he was very irascible. " - Johannes Malala, Chronograpia (book 9, sections 22, 24)
The year 39th here suggests that the counting was way back to the death date of Julius Caesar on March 14, 44 BCE.
Octavius (Augustus) succeeded Julius Caesar on March 14, 44 BCE, and his first year would be on March 14, 43 BCE, and counting forward the 39th year fell on March 14, 5 BCE.
The 39th year & 10th month of Augustus Caesar was between December 15, 5 BCE and January 14, 4 BCE-when the decree for an imperial census was issued.
"And it came to pass in those days, that there went out a decree from Caesar Augustus, that there should be a census in the whole world." -Luke 2:1

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tahun kelahiran yesus
4 BCE - THE BIRTH YEAR OF JESUS CHRIST
The existence or advent of a Messiah the Prince was prophesied by Gabriel through Daniel in this passage:
"Know therefore and understand, that from the going forth of the
commandment
to restore and to build Jerusalem
unto the Messiah the Prince
shall be seven weeks, and threescore and two weeks: the street shall be built again, and the wall, even in troublous times." -Daniel 9:25 (KJV)
According to this prophecy, there would be a space of 7+62 sabbaths (or 483 years) from the time of the commandment to restore & build Jerusalem till the advent of a Messiah the Prince.
This commandment happened in the Year 2 of king Darius.
"In the second year of Darius the king, in the sixth month, in the first day of the month, came the word of the LORD by Haggai the prophet unto Zerubbabel the son of Shealtiel, governor of Judah, and to Joshua the son of Josedech, the high priest, saying,
Thus speaketh the LORD of hosts, saying, This people say, The time is not come, the time that the LORD'S house should be built.
Then came the word of the LORD by Haggai the prophet, saying,
Go up to the mountain, and bring wood, and build the house..." -Haggai 1:1-3,8
The Year 1 of this Darius was in 488 BCE, when he was 62 years old. His Year 2 was in 487 BCE.
"And Darius the Median took the kingdom, being about 62 years old." -Daniel 5:31
This Darius was born in 550 BCE and reigned between 521 & 485 BCE, and he received the Chaldean kingdom in 488 BCE.
From his Year 2 (in 487 BCE) till the advent of Messiah the Prince is a space of 483 years (or 7+62 sabbaths).
487 BCE
-
483 years
__________
4 BCE
This only mean that the advent of Messiah would be in 4 BCE.

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jadwal tugas Kohen Zakharia-ZekharYahu

DUTY OF ZACHARIAS, JOHN THE BAPTIST'S FATHER
"There was in the days of
Herod, the king of Judaea,
a certain priest named Zacharias, of the
course of Abijah:
and his wife was of the daughters of Aaron, and her name was Elisabeth. And they had no child, because that Elisabeth was barren, and they both were now well stricken in years. And it came to pass, that while he executed the priest's office before God in the
order of his course,
according to the custom of the priest's office, his lot was to burn incense when he went into the temple of the LORD. And the whole
Assembly of the people
were praying outside at the time of incense. And there appeared unto him a messenger of the Lord standing on the right side of the altar of incense. "- Luke 1:5,7-11
Priests have 24 "courses," each of which is serving for 7 days, and repeating every 168th day.
The "course of Abijah" is the 8th, whereas the "course of Jehoiarib" is the 1st.
Knowing historical date for any of these courses can give us exact date for the "course of Abijah" that had duty coincided with the Miqra (Assembly or Multitude of people) in the days of king Herod.
And yes, historical record has this:
"...the day on which the First Temple was destroyed was the eve of the
9th of Av, a Sunday,
and in the year following the Sabbatical year, and the
'course' of Jehoiarib's
family was on duty and the Levites were chanting the Psalms standing on their Duchan (platform). ...when the heathens came and captured them. The same thing too happened in the Second Temple." - Ta'anith 29a
Second Temple's destruction was on the eve of the 9th Av (August 5), AD 70 when the "course of Jehoiarib" was on duty, starting on August 4, giving the start of "course of Abijah" on September 29, AD 70.
According to Luke, the "course of Abijah" was on duty when the "Assembly" (Multitude/Miqra) took place during the days of king Herod.
The Miqra (Assembly/Multitude) that coincided with the "course of Abijah" happened on October 5th-6th, 6 BCE, giving us exact date of October 6th, year 6 BCE when Gabriel prophesied to kohen Zacharias that "John" (the Baptist) would be born by Elisabeth.
Gabriel met Zacharias on 6th October, 6 BCE.
Zacharias was on duty from October 3rd till 10th, and he impregnated Elisabeth on October 11th, 6 BCE after his duty.
In the 6th month (11th April, 5 BCE) of Elisabeth's pregnancy, Gabriel told to Mary that she would conceive "Jesus."

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6 januari
tgl lahir yesus

LUKE ON THE EXACT BIRTH DATE OF JESUS
The counting started with the duty of priest Zacharias on 3rd October, 6 BCE to officiate burning of the incense in the "course of Abijah" in the days of king Herod coincided with the Miqra (Assembly/Multitude) on October 6th.
"And it came to pass, that, as soon as the
days of his SERVICE
were completed,
he departed to his own house. And after
those days
his wife Elisabeth conceived, and hid herself five months, .. "- Luke 1:23-24
Zacharias completed his' duty on October 10th, and he departed to his own house & fulfilled the prophecy of Gabriel: he impregnated Elisabeth (October 11th).
Five months she hid from public.
1. November 11, 6 BCE
2. December 11, 6 BCE
3. January 11, 5 BCE
4. February 11,5 BCE
5. March 11, 5 BCE
"And in the 6th month the messenger Gabriel was sent from God unto a city of Galilee, named Nazareth,
to a parthenos [virgin]
betrothed to a man whose name was
Joseph, of the house of David; and the
virgin's name was Mary."- Luke 1:26-27
On April 11th, 5 BCE Gabriel said to Mary:
"... thou shalt conceive in thy womb, and bring forth a son, and shalt call his name JESUS.
And Mary said, Behold the handmaid of the Lord; be it unto me according to thy word. And the angel departed from her.
And Mary arose in
those days,
and went into the hill country
with haste,
into a city of Juda; And entered into the house of Zacharias, and saluted Elisabeth." -Luke 1:31,38-40
From
1) April 12,
2) April 13,
3) April 14,
Mary traveled THOSE days with haste, which took her 3 days, before the Sabbath (cf. Luke 2:46).
By April 15, 5 BCE, Mary was impregnated (cf. Acts 13:23, Romans 1:3), and remained 3 months in Judah till Elisabeth born John the Baptist on July 4, 5 BCE (Luke 1:56-57).
Mary's gestation period (266 days) from 15th April, 5 BCE ended on 6th January, 4 BCE when she gave birth to Jesus.
Students of Basilides (AD117-138) celebrated January 6th as a birth of Jesus.
In AD 73, January 6th coincided with Kislev 24-25th, the possible referenced in the "Constitution of the Holy Apostles 5.3.13" as the birthdate of Jesus Christ.
Roman writers, Romanized "Kislev" into "December."
Luke's description directs to 6th January, 4 BCE as Jesus' birthdate.

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bintang betlehem dilihat astronom Korea

KOREAN WITNESSING THE STAR OF BETHLEHEM
In the 2nd month in 4 BCE, a bushy star was on its one month on March 27-28, during the Year 54 of king Hyokkose Wang 박혁거세 거서간, who founded the Korean Silla kingdom (57 BCE).
This may mean that the sparkling of the said newly conspicuous star was started on around February 28th, 4 BCE. The whereabouts of this star was above Bethlehem, in a star map location called "Ho-Ku" in Korean or "Ch'ien-nu" in Chinese astronomy. Both Korean and Chinese stargazers saw this star and recorded.
In Chinese astronomy, it was the second time being spectacularly seen by official stargazers.
Magi who had a courtesy call from king Herod had also seen this star that twilight (February 28th, 4 BCE) when they were walking going to Bethlehem to search a baby, prophesied to be born in a cave-manger with sheep in Migdhal Eder in Bethlehem.
In the report of Matthew, this was the 3rd time that this spectacular star was seen by the Magi, the first one from Nisan of 5 BCE, and then recently on January 6th, 4 BCE and the third on that night of February 28th, 4 BCE.
Attention of the Korean stargazers were caught by this newly conspicuous star that they had reported it.
The remnant of this repeatedly exploding star is now known Soft Gamma Repeater 1900+14.
In March of 5 BCE Chinese stargazers saw it, but it disappeared after June, and was seen again in 4 BCE.
The Magi saw it in the month of Nisan, and then recently (January 6th, 4 BCE), and again on February 28th.
This is the first time that a biblical report, particularly a scientific phenomenon, was both seen by the Far Eastern men and Magi, giving the exact date of February 28th, 4 BCE as the time that the Magi left king Herod the Great.
"When they had heard the king, they departed; and, lo, the star, which they saw in the east, went before them, till it came and stood over where the young child was.
When they saw the star, they rejoiced with exceeding great joy." -Matthew 2:9-10
King Herod the Great died on 5th April, 4 BCE, more than 5 weeks after his secret meeting with the Magi.

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bintang betlehem dilihat astronom China

CHINESE STARGAZERS ON STAR OF BETHLEHEM
Magi had seen the spectacular star when they were in the eastern countries, and again on February 28th, 4 BCE after their secret meeting with king Herod the Great.
The Chinese stargazers had seen it first in 5 BCE.
The Chinese court officer & historian Ban GU (32-92 CE) may have read also the official report about this hui star (Hypernoveone 1900+14) and his sister Ban Zhao (45-c. 116 CE) wrote it on the Hanshu (official historical book of the Han Dynasty), saying:
" 5 BCE in the year of Chien-p'ing reign period,
March 9 - April 6,
a sui tailed star
appeared at
Aquila constellation
for over 70 days."
They witnessed it every 3 to 4 hours before the dawn for more than 2 months.
Jesus Christ called it "morning star."
This appearance of a spectacular tailed star happened a year after Prince Chien-p'ing succeeded on the throne of China & became emperor, and this was important for Chinese authority as this was believed could bring a bad portent for the king. They saw this around 23rd March till around 31st May, 5 BCE at celestial map location RA 19h 07m 16.85s, declination+90 18' 50.4" (or for astrologers at longitude 19° Capricorn 12') in the
Aquila constellation.
The physical appearance of this star was described by Chinese stargazers as like to what the Haleys Comet sooner would show in 684 CE or perhaps to Tycho's Comet.
In modern Chinese astronomy, this 4 BCE Hypernova is called " hui hsing " (tailed star) 63. Literally, the remnant of sui hsing 63/64 has tail.
It exploded three times, and witnessed twice by Chinese astronomers between 5 & 4 BCE. Modern scientists called its remnant,
Soft Gamma Repeater 1900+14
Its first appearance coincided a solar eclipse and also the Jewish Passover in 5 BCE.
Stargazers of Arabia, Somalia, Persia, Chaldaea, Media, and eastern countries had also witnessed this, and their Magi testified it when they arrived in Jerusalem from February 18th - 28th, 4 BCE.
The only good thing with such this astronomical observation, scientists can verify if such a repeater star (SGR 1900+14) did indeed was located in Aquila constellation in the sky map over Bethlehem in March of 5 BCE and February/March of 4 BCE. Hence, that star was a scientific subject to have a precision date for the "Magi" of the gospel of Matthew and the Chinese calendar.

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bintang di atas Betlehem

STAR ABOVE BETHLEHEM IN 5 & 4 BCE
"And God said, Let there be lights ... and let them be for signs, and for seasons, and for days, and years" -Genesis 1:14
From north of eastern hemisphere, Korea, China, & Mesopotamia, to the south of western Levant, a star was seen exploding that its energy enough to be felt here on earth. Around 23rd March, 5 BCE Chinese stargazers, Magi of Mesopotamia, and Zacharias (father of later John the Baptist) witnessed this phenomenon called "epiphane" (glorious appearance), known to Chinese as hui hsing (tailed star). For over 70 days this was visible 3 or 4 hours before the dawn in the sky direction Ch'ien-nu, above Bethlehem. Because of this glorious appearance every dawn, apostle Peter said:
"We have also a more sure word of prophecy; whereunto ye do well that ye take heed, as unto a light that shines in a dark place, until the day dawn, and the
day star
arise in your hearts" - 2Peter 1:19
Jesus Christ called it "morning star."
This was also the first year that Magi or political star interpreters & dream interpreters had seen it, and then again in the 2nd year when they were going to Jerusalem.
Pastors in the field of Bethlehem saw this glorious appearance for just few minutes coupled with vision of singing angels of heaven on the night of January 6th, 4 BCE.
"Now when Jesus was born in Bethlehem of Judaea in the days of Herod the king, behold, there came Magi from the eastern countries to Jerusalem,
Asking again & again, Where is he that is born King of the Jews? for we have seen his star
ANATOLĒ [at its rising, when we were in the east],
and are come to worship him.
Then Herod, when he had secretly called the Magi, enquired of them accurately what time the star appeared.
... from 2 years old and recently, according to the time which he had diligently enquired of the Magi.
But when Herod was dead, behold, an angel of the Lord appears in a dream to Joseph in Egypt" -Matthew 2:1-2,7,16,19
Magi arrived at Jerusalem between around February 18th & 28th, few weeks before king Herod died on 5th April, 4 BCE.
For the 3rd time, they saw this star again on February 28th, 4 BCE, one month before Korean official made a report about this spectacular star.
Sequence of events:
January 6, 4 BCE: Jesus was born.
January 13, Sabbath, full moon: Jesus was circumcised.
February 14: Mary's Purification, & Dedication of Jesus to Temple.
February 28: Magi leaving Herod & seeing the star.
April 4: king Herod died.

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sejarah betlehem

BETHLEHEM IN ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL CONTEXT
Bethlehem was not a barren place in ancient days. In fact, during the 7th year of a Judah's king (709 BCE Hezekiah) shipments of likely silver or wine & wheat products were sent as tax payment from Bethlehem to the king of Jerusalem, as evidenced by a fiscal bulla found in shifted debris removed from archaeological excavations near the walls of the Old City of Jerusalem. That bulla was used to seal products to be sent to Jerusalem, then capital of Judah.
Corroborating to this chronology - that Bethlehem was an active & well known city - is the prophecy of Micah, who prophesied during the time of king Hezekiah (715-686 BCE).
"But you, Bethlehem Ephratah, though you be little among the thousands of Judah, yet out of you shall he come forth unto Me that is to be ruler in Israel; whose origins have been from of old, from everlasting." -Micah 5:2
Bethlehem was a town of Jerusalem under king Akhenaten (1350-1334 BCE) when the military leader there was Abdikheba, who called it Bit Lahmu ("House/temple of god Lahmu").
"Message of 'Abdi-Heba, your servant...Here is the deed against the land that Milkilu and Shuardata did: against the land of the king, my lord, they ordered troops from Gezer, troops from Gath, and troops from Qeila. They seized Rubutu. The land of the king deserted to the Hapiru (Hebrews).
And now, besides this, a town belonging to Jerusalem,
Bit NIN-URTA
(Bit Lahmu)
by name, a city of the king, has gone over to the side of the men of Qiltu [Keila]. May the king give heed to 'Abdi-Heba, your servant, and send archers to restore the land of the king to the king. If there are no archers, the land of the king will desert to the Hapiru..." - EA 290, lines 1-30
During Abraham's days, Bethlehem was known "Ephrata." Canaanites erected a temple on its hill.
Salma (fl. 1188 BCE) founded Bethlehem again (1Chronicles 2:51), which became known Bethlehemjudah during the days of Moses' grandson Jonathan and of Boas (fl. 1180-1130 BCE), the grandfather of king David.
Justin Martyr (AD 150) said that Joseph went to Bethlehem "on the new occasion of the first census which was taken in Judaea" (Dialogue with Trypho, 78).
To possibly erase the memory of Christ's Nativity on its hill, after AD 136, Roman emperor Hadrian converted the Christian site above the Grotto into a shrine dedicated to the Greek god Adonis (also called Tammuz).